Ac-pSar12-OH

Product Name: Ac-pSar12-OH

Sequence: Ac-Sar-Sar-Sar-Sar-Sar-Sar-Sar-Sar-Sar-Sar-Sar-Sar-OH

Purity: 99%

Form: White to off-white Solid

Storage : Sealed storage, away from moisture and light, under nitrogen

CAS.NO.: 2313534-24-4

Chemical Formula: C38H64N12O14

Molar Mass: 912.99

SMILES: CC(=O)N(C)CC(=O)N(C)CC(=O)N(C)CC(=O)N(C)CC(=O)N(C)CC(=O)N(C)CC(=O)N(C)CC(=O)N(C)CC(=O)N(C)CC(=O)N(C)CC(=O)N(C)CC(=O)N(C)CC(=O)O

CHEMICAl FORMULA: C38H64N12O14

IUPACNAME: 2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[acetyl(methyl)amino]acetyl]-methylamino]acetyl]-methylamino]acetyl]-methylamino]acetyl]-methylamino]acetyl]-methylamino]acetyl]-methylamino]acetyl]-methylamino]acetyl]-methylamino]acetyl]-methylamino]acetyl]-methylamino]acetyl]-methylamino]acetic acid

INCHIKEY: IOFCDTUBHNNIHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

INCHI: InChI=1S/C38H64N12O14/c1-26(51)39(2)14-27(52)40(3)15-28(53)41(4)16-29(54)42(5)17-30(55)43(6)18-31(56)44(7)19-32(57)45(8)20-33(58)46(9)21-34(59)47(10)22-35(60)48(11)23-36(61)49(12)24-37(62)50(13)25-38(63)64/h14-25H2,1-13H3,(H,63,64)

Application: Ac-pSar12-OH is a water-soluble polysarcosine-based polymer designed for use as a linker in peptide and bioconjugation research. Polysarcosine is valued for its hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, and low nonspecific interaction profile, making Ac-pSar12-OH useful for improving solubility and spacing in complex molecular constructs. As a defined sarcosine oligomer, it can support linker design in peptide–drug conjugates, targeted delivery systems, and functional biomolecule modification. Ac-pSar12-OH is widely used in chemical biology, peptide synthesis, drug delivery research, and conjugation strategies requiring a flexible, hydrophilic, and structurally controlled linker.

Current Research: Ac-pSar12-OH is a defined polysarcosine-based linker reagent designed for peptide synthesis, bioconjugation, and chemical biology research. Polysarcosine, often abbreviated pSar, is a polymer composed of repeating sarcosine units, where sarcosine is N-methylglycine. Because of its hydrophilic, flexible, and low-fouling character, polysarcosine has gained increasing attention as a peptide-compatible alternative to traditional hydrophilic spacers such as PEG-based linkers. Ac-pSar12-OH contains a controlled twelve-unit sarcosine segment with an acetylated terminus and a carboxylic acid functional group, making it useful for incorporation into peptide constructs and conjugation designs that require solubility, spacing, and structural consistency. A major application of Ac-pSar12-OH is linker design in peptide conjugates. Linkers play a critical role in determining how a bioactive peptide, targeting ligand, fluorophore, drug payload, polymer, lipid, or biomolecule behaves after conjugation. A linker that is too short may cause steric hindrance, reducing receptor binding or enzymatic accessibility. A linker that is too hydrophobic may promote aggregation, nonspecific adsorption, or poor solubility. Ac-pSar12-OH provides a hydrophilic spacing element that can help separate functional domains while maintaining aqueous compatibility. Polysarcosine linkers are especially valuable in peptide–drug conjugate research. Peptide–drug conjugates often combine a targeting peptide with a cytotoxic payload, imaging probe, immune-modulating molecule, or metabolic peptide payload. The linker between the targeting unit and payload can influence solubility, pharmacokinetic behavior, receptor recognition, internalization, payload release, and nonspecific binding. Ac-pSar12-OH can be used as a defined hydrophilic linker to improve construct handling and reduce aggregation risk during synthesis, purification, formulation, and biological evaluation. Ac-pSar12-OH is also useful in targeted delivery research. Many targeted delivery platforms use peptides that bind receptors, integrins, transporters, tumor-associated proteins, immune markers, or tissue-specific targets. When these peptides are attached directly to nanoparticles, polymers, surfaces, or payloads, binding may be reduced by steric crowding or unfavorable orientation. A pSar12 spacer can help project the targeting ligand away from the carrier surface, improving accessibility for receptor engagement. This makes Ac-pSar12-OH relevant to nanoparticle functionalization, peptide-coated biomaterials, liposome targeting, micelle design, polymer conjugates, and imaging probe development. In peptide synthesis, Ac-pSar12-OH offers a structurally controlled hydrophilic segment that can be incorporated into synthetic sequences or conjugates. Defined oligomers are useful because they provide better reproducibility than broad-distribution polymers. The twelve-unit length gives researchers a predictable spacing element for structure–activity relationship studies, where linker length and hydrophilicity can be systematically compared. Ac-pSar12-OH may be evaluated alongside shorter or longer polysarcosine linkers, PEG linkers, aminohexanoic acid spacers, glycine-serine linkers, or alkyl linkers to determine which format best preserves biological activity. Solubility enhancement is another important application. Many peptide conjugates become difficult to handle after attachment of hydrophobic payloads, aromatic dyes, lipids, or drug-like moieties. Incorporating a hydrophilic polysarcosine spacer can improve aqueous solubility and reduce self-association. This can improve HPLC purification, LC-MS analysis, lyophilization behavior, buffer exchange, formulation development, and reproducibility in biological assays. Ac-pSar12-OH is also relevant to low-fouling biomaterial research. Polysarcosine is studied for its ability to reduce nonspecific protein adsorption and unwanted interactions with biological matrices. In conjugate design, this property can be useful when researchers want to reduce background binding, improve signal-to-noise ratio, or minimize nonspecific uptake. This is particularly important for imaging probes, affinity reagents, biosensor ligands, and targeted delivery systems. In chemical biology, Ac-pSar12-OH can support construction of multifunctional molecules. Researchers may use it to build peptide–fluorophore conjugates, peptide–biotin conjugates, peptide–lipid constructs, PROTAC-like peptide conjugates, receptor-targeted probes, enzyme substrates, immunoassay reagents, or affinity capture tools. The terminal carboxylic acid provides a functional handle for coupling to amines or incorporation into standard peptide synthesis workflows, depending on protecting group strategy and activation chemistry. Ac-pSar12-OH may also be useful in comparative linker studies. Linkers are often treated as passive components, but they can strongly affect biological performance. Researchers can compare constructs with and without pSar12 to determine effects on receptor binding, enzymatic cleavage, cell uptake, endosomal trafficking, serum stability, nonspecific adsorption, and aggregation. These studies are especially important when optimizing peptide-based therapeutics, diagnostic probes, or delivery systems. Recommended controls include linker-free conjugates, PEG-linked analogs, shorter and longer pSar linkers, hydrophobic linker controls, unconjugated peptide, payload-only controls, and vehicle controls. Analytical characterization should include HPLC purity, LC-MS confirmation, solubility testing, stability assessment, and aggregation analysis where applicable. For biological assays, researchers should confirm that the linker does not reduce target recognition or alter expected activity. Overall, Ac-pSar12-OH is a versatile polysarcosine-based linker for peptide and bioconjugation research. It supports hydrophilic linker design, peptide–drug conjugate development, targeted delivery systems, biomolecule modification, solubility improvement, low-nonspecific-binding workflows, chemical biology probe construction, and systematic optimization of linker length, flexibility, and biocompatibility in complex molecular constructs.

Reference: Hu, Y., Hou, Y., Wang, H., & Lu, H. (2018). Polysarcosine as an alternative to PEG for therapeutic protein conjugation. Bioconjugate Chemistry, 29(7), 2232-2238.VIRICEL, W. (2020). U.S. Patent Application No. 16/758,638.