26RFa

Product Name:26RFa

CAS No:881640-56-8

Purity:95%

Molar Mass:2818.18

Chemical Formula:C127H197N37O36

Storage:Store at -20 degrees Celsius

Sequence:VGTALGSLAEELNGYNRKKGGFSFRF

Application:26RFa, also known as QRFP (26RFa), is a neuropeptide that acts as a ligand for the GPR103 receptor, playing a significant role in regulating energy homeostasis, feeding behavior, and neuroendocrine functions. It is involved in the control of appetite, energy metabolism, and possibly the modulation of pain and cardiovascular functions. 26RFa is of particular interest in research related to obesity, metabolic disorders, and the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Studies on 26RFa focus on its potential role in appetite regulation and its interaction with other neuropeptides involved in energy balance.

Current Research:

26RFa, also known as QRFP, is a neuropeptide belonging to the RFamide peptide family, characterized by a conserved C-terminal Arg-Phe-NH? motif. It serves as the endogenous ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor GPR103 (QRFPR). This peptide is implicated in various physiological processes, notably the regulation of energy homeostasis and glucose metabolism.
Discovery and Structure
Identified in 2003, 26RFa is a 26-amino acid peptide with the sequence Val-Gly-Thr-Ala-Leu-Gly-Ser-Leu-Ala-Glu-Glu-Leu-Asn-Gly-Tyr-Asn-Arg-Lys-Lys-Gly-Gly-Phe-Ser-Phe-Arg-Phe-NH?. An extended form, 43RFa, includes an additional 17 amino acids at the N-terminus. Both forms activate GPR103, with 43RFa exhibiting higher agonistic activity.
Physiological Roles
Energy Homeostasis: 26RFa is predominantly expressed in hypothalamic nuclei that control feeding behavior. Central administration of 26RFa in rodent models stimulates appetite, indicating its orexigenic function. Expression levels of 26RFa are elevated in obese animal models, suggesting a role in obesity development and maintenance.
Glucose Metabolism: Beyond its central effects, 26RFa is present in peripheral tissues such as the gut and pancreatic islets. It acts as an incretin, enhancing insulin secretion in response to oral glucose intake and improving insulin sensitivity. In diabetic mouse models, 26RFa administration attenuates hyperglycemia and promotes insulin production, highlighting its potential in glucose homeostasis regulation.
Recent Research
A 2024 study utilized cryo-electron microscopy to elucidate the structure of the 26RFa-GPR103 complex. The findings revealed a unique binding mode, with extensive interactions between the receptor's extracellular domain and the peptide's N-terminal helix. This structural insight enhances the understanding of ligand-receptor specificity within the RFamide peptide family and may inform the development of targeted therapeutics.
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Clinical Implications
Given its involvement in energy balance and glucose regulation, the 26RFa/GPR103 system presents a promising target for treating metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Therapeutic strategies modulating this pathway could offer novel approaches to managing these conditions.

Reference:

Chartrel, N., Alonzeau, J., Alexandre, D., Jeandel, L., Alvear-Perez, R., Leprince, J., ... & Llorens-Cortes, C. (2011). The RFamide neuropeptide 26RFa and its role in the control of neuroendocrine functions. Frontiers in neuroendocrinology, 32(4), 387-397.