Adrenomedullin (16-31), human, pig

Product Name:Adrenomedullin (16-31), human, pig

Form:free base

Purity:95%

Storage:2-8 degree Celsius

Cas No:318480-38-5

Molar Mass:1865.2

Chemical Formula:C82H129N25O21S2

IUPAC Name:(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(4R,7S,13S,16S,19R)-19-amino-13-benzyl-16-(3-carbamimidamidopropyl)-7-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxo-1,2-dithia-5,8,11,14,17-pentazacycloicosane-4-carbonyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoyl]amino]-N-[(2S,3S)-1-[[(2S)-1-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]pentanediamide

SMILES:CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(C=C1)O)C(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC2=CNC=N2)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@@H]3CSSC[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N3)[C@@H](C)O)CC4=CC=CC=C4)CCCNC(=N)N)N

InChIKey:UYSITIBGEJGZGX-FXMFISEGSA-N

InChI:InChI=1S/C82H129N25O21S2/c1-10-42(6)64(79(126)99-55(67(87)114)32-47-21-23-49(110)24-22-47)106-74(121)54(26-28-61(86)112)97-76(123)58(34-48-35-90-39-93-48)100-68(115)43(7)94-75(122)56(31-40(2)3)101-71(118)51(19-14-15-29-83)96-73(120)53(25-27-60(85)111)98-78(125)63(41(4)5)105-81(128)66(45(9)109)107-77(124)59-38-130-129-37-50(84)69(116)95-52(20-16-30-91-82(88)89)72(119)102-57(33-46-17-12-11-13-18-46)70(117)92-36-62(113)104-65(44(8)108)80(127)103-59/h11-13,17-18,21-24,35,39-45,50-59,63-66,108-110H,10,14-16,19-20,25-34,36-38,83-84H2,1-9H3,(H2,85,111)(H2,86,112)(H2,87,114)(H,90,93)(H,92,117)(H,94,122)(H,95,116)(H,96,120)(H,97,123)(H,98,125)(H,99,126)(H,100,115)(H,101,118)(H,102,119)(H,103,127)(H,104,113)(H,105,128)(H,106,121)(H,107,124)(H4,88,89,91)/t42-,43-,44+,45+,50-,51-,52-,53-,54-,55-,56-,57-,58-,59-,63-,64-,65-,66-/m0/s1

Sequence:Cys-Arg-Phe-Gly-Thr-Cys-Thr-Val-Gln-Lys-Leu-Ala-His-Gln-Ile-Tyr-NH2

Application:Adrenomedullin (16-31), human, pig is a bioactive peptide fragment derived from adrenomedullin (ADM), encompassing amino acids 16-31. This fragment retains functional regions involved in vascular regulation, immune modulation, and metabolic function. Research suggests that ADM (16-31) exhibits vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, making it relevant in cardiovascular, immune, and metabolic studies. It is widely used in hypertension, sepsis, and metabolic disorder research, with potential applications in endothelial function regulation, stress adaptation, and inflammatory disease models. Due to its presence in both human and pig models, it is particularly useful for comparative and translational studies.

Current Research:

Introduction
Adrenomedullin (16-31), human and pig, is a short functional fragment of adrenomedullin (ADM), a key peptide involved in vasodilation, immune response, and metabolic regulation. The 16-31 sequence is of interest due to its role in vascular homeostasis, inflammation control, and endothelial protection. This fragment is being investigated in cardiovascular, immunological, and metabolic studies, particularly for its potential in hypertension, sepsis, and endothelial dysfunction models.

Cardiovascular and Vasodilatory Research
ADM and its derivatives, including ADM (16-31), human and pig, have been linked to vascular function and blood pressure regulation. Research suggests that ADM (16-31):

Stimulates nitric oxide (NO) pathways, leading to vasodilation and improved circulation.
Regulates vascular permeability, reducing risks of hypertension and endothelial dysfunction.
Protects endothelial cells, making it relevant for studies on heart disease and stroke prevention.
Due to its hypotensive and vascular-protective properties, ADM (16-31) is a promising peptide for cardiovascular research.

Immunomodulatory and Anti-Inflammatory Effects
PAMP-derived peptides, including ADM (16-31), have been studied for their immune-modulating effects, particularly in:

Suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β) to reduce inflammation.
Enhancing antimicrobial activity, suggesting applications in infection control and sepsis research.
Regulating immune cell function, which may be beneficial in autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammatory conditions.
Given these findings, ADM (16-31) is being investigated in inflammation and immune dysfunction models.

Metabolic and Endocrine Research
ADM and its fragments play a role in glucose metabolism and stress response. Studies on ADM (16-31), human and pig, indicate:

Potential regulation of insulin secretion, making it relevant for diabetes and metabolic syndrome research.
Interactions with stress hormones, affecting adrenal function and metabolic adaptation.
Lipid metabolism effects, positioning it as a candidate for obesity and cardiovascular risk management.
Due to its presence in both human and pig models, ADM (16-31) is ideal for translational metabolic research.

Potential Research and Therapeutic Applications
Due to its vasodilatory, immune-regulating, and metabolic-stabilizing effects, ADM (16-31), human and pig, is being explored for:

Cardiovascular disease research, particularly in hypertension and endothelial dysfunction models.
Sepsis and immune-related inflammation studies, focusing on infection-induced cytokine regulation.
Metabolic disorder models, including insulin regulation, glucose homeostasis, and lipid metabolism research.
Conclusion
Adrenomedullin (16-31), human and pig, is a bioactive peptide fragment involved in vascular regulation, immune response, and metabolic balance. Its vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic effects make it a valuable research tool in cardiovascular, immunology, and endocrine studies. Ongoing research continues to explore its therapeutic potential in sepsis, blood pressure regulation, and metabolic disorders, with promising applications in biomarker discovery and peptide-based drug development.