(D-Lys16)-ACTH (1-24) human, bovine, mouse, ovine, porcine, rabbit, rat

Product Name:(D-Lys16)-ACTH (1-24) human, bovine, mouse, ovine, porcine, rabbit, rat

Form:TFA salt

Purity:95%

Storage:2-8 degree Celsius

Molar Mass:2933.5

Chemical Formula:C136H210N40O31S1

Sequence:Ser-Tyr-Ser-Met-Glu-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val-Gly-Lys-DLys-Arg-Arg-Pro-Val-Lys-Val-Tyr-Pro

Application:

(D-Lys¹⁶)-ACTH (1-24) (human, bovine, mouse, ovine, porcine, rabbit, rat) is a synthetic modified fragment of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) featuring a D-lysine substitution at position 16. This N-terminal ACTH analog retains melanocortin receptor activation properties, stimulating adrenal corticosteroid production via melanocortin 2 receptor (MC2R). The D-lysine modification enhances peptide stability, receptor selectivity, and enzymatic resistance, making it a valuable tool for comparative endocrine research across multiple species. It is widely used in HPA axis regulation, stress response, and immune modulation studies, with potential applications in adrenal disorders, neuroendocrine signaling, and peptide-based drug development for endocrine and inflammatory diseases.

Current Research:

Introduction
(D-Lys¹⁶)-ACTH (1-24) is a modified ACTH analog containing a D-lysine substitution at position 16, which may enhance receptor binding, prolong peptide stability, and alter biological activity. Since ACTH (1-24) is the active region responsible for adrenal stimulation, this modified version is being studied in comparative receptor activation, adrenal steroidogenesis, and stress physiology across multiple species (human, bovine, mouse, ovine, porcine, rabbit, rat).

Endocrine and Adrenal Function Research
ACTH (1-24) is a widely used truncated form of ACTH (1-39) that fully activates melanocortin 2 receptor (MC2R) in the adrenal cortex, leading to:

Glucocorticoid (cortisol) synthesis, essential for stress response and metabolism.
Mineralocorticoid (aldosterone) regulation, involved in sodium balance and blood pressure control.
Androgen production, influencing secondary hormonal effects.
The D-lysine substitution in (D-Lys¹⁶)-ACTH (1-24) may:

Enhance peptide stability, increasing resistance to enzymatic degradation and prolonging bioactivity.
Improve receptor binding specificity, potentially affecting MC2R activation kinetics.
Modify steroidogenesis, altering the balance of glucocorticoid and androgen production.
This peptide is valuable for:

Adrenal insufficiency studies, including Addison’s disease and congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).
Comparative adrenal function research, identifying species-specific differences in steroidogenesis.
Peptide-based drug development, focusing on stabilized ACTH analogs.
Neuroendocrine and Stress Regulation Research
ACTH peptides regulate HPA axis function and stress adaptation, and (D-Lys¹⁶)-ACTH (1-24) has been studied for its:

Effects on stress resilience, particularly in models of chronic stress, anxiety, and depression.
Potential neuropeptide signaling properties, affecting dopamine and serotonin activity.
Role in mood regulation, with implications for neuropsychiatric disorders such as PTSD and bipolar disorder.
This peptide may serve as a neuroendocrine research tool in studying species-specific stress responses.

Immunomodulatory and Anti-Inflammatory Effects
ACTH peptides, including (D-Lys¹⁶)-ACTH (1-24), have been explored for their immune-regulating functions via melanocortin receptors (MC1R, MC3R, MC5R). Research indicates that this peptide:

Reduces inflammation by suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β).
Regulates immune responses, potentially influencing T-cell activation and macrophage function.
Has potential therapeutic applications in autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, lupus, and rheumatoid arthritis.
These properties make it relevant for immune-endocrine interaction studies across different species.

Species-Specific Research and Applications
ACTH function differs across species, making comparative endocrinology research important. Studies using (D-Lys¹⁶)-ACTH (1-24) across species (human, bovine, mouse, ovine, porcine, rabbit, rat) investigate:

Variations in MC2R activation and adrenal responsiveness.
Differences in stress adaptation mechanisms, particularly in rodents and livestock.
Applications in veterinary endocrinology, particularly for stress regulation in farm animals and laboratory models.
This peptide provides insight into species-dependent HPA axis dynamics and cross-species applications of ACTH-based therapies.

Potential Research and Therapeutic Applications
Given its stabilized structure, receptor-binding properties, and immune-regulating effects, (D-Lys¹⁶)-ACTH (1-24) is being explored for:

Improved peptide-based adrenal hormone replacement therapy.
HPA axis dysfunction research, particularly in species-specific stress adaptation studies.
Anti-inflammatory peptide drug development, focusing on immune and metabolic disorders.
Conclusion
(D-Lys¹⁶)-ACTH (1-24) is a modified ACTH analog with enhanced stability, receptor specificity, and prolonged bioactivity, making it a valuable research tool in comparative endocrinology, stress regulation, and immune modulation. Ongoing studies continue to refine its biological significance and potential therapeutic applications in adrenal disorders, neuroimmune conditions, and inflammatory diseases.