Product Name:(D-Ser1)-ACTH (1-24)
Purity:99%
Storage:-20oC
Cas No:18067-65-7
Molar Mass:2933.44
Chemical Formula:C136H210N40O31S
IUPAC Name:(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2R)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-4-methylsulfanylbutanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]hexanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid;2,2,2-trifluoroacetic acid
SMILES:CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)C(=O)N3CCC[C@H]3C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@@H]4CCCN4C(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CC5=CNC6=CC=CC=C65)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC7=CC=CC=C7)NC(=O)[C@H](CC8=CNC=N8)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC9=CC=C(C=C9)O)NC(=O)[C@@H](CO)N.C(=O)(C(F)(F)F)O
InChIKey:MCAQPIPWSBBXDA-JEWOOTEMSA-N
InChI:InChI=1S/C136H210N40O31S.C2HF3O2/c1-75(2)109(127(200)154-71-106(181)156-88(31-13-17-52-137)114(187)158-89(32-14-18-53-138)115(188)159-91(35-21-56-149-134(142)143)116(189)164-96(37-23-58-151-136(146)147)131(204)175-60-25-39-104(175)126(199)173-111(77(5)6)128(201)163-90(33-15-19-54-139)120(193)171-110(76(3)4)129(202)169-101(65-80-43-47-84(180)48-44-80)132(205)176-61-26-40-105(176)133(206)207)172-125(198)103-38-24-59-174(103)130(203)95(34-16-20-55-140)157-107(182)70-153-113(186)99(66-81-68-152-87-30-12-11-29-85(81)87)167-117(190)92(36-22-57-150-135(144)145)160-121(194)98(63-78-27-9-8-10-28-78)166-123(196)100(67-82-69-148-74-155-82)168-118(191)93(49-50-108(183)184)161-119(192)94(51-62-208-7)162-124(197)102(73-178)170-122(195)97(165-112(185)86(141)72-177)64-79-41-45-83(179)46-42-79;3-2(4,5)1(6)7/h8-12,27-30,41-48,68-69,74-77,86,88-105,109-111,152,177-180H,13-26,31-40,49-67,70-73,137-141H2,1-7H3,(H,148,155)(H,153,186)(H,154,200)(H,156,181)(H,157,182)(H,158,187)(H,159,188)(H,160,194)(H,161,192)(H,162,197)(H,163,201)(H,164,189)(H,165,185)(H,166,196)(H,167,190)(H,168,191)(H,169,202)(H,170,195)(H,171,193)(H,172,198)(H,173,199)(H,183,184)(H,206,207)(H4,142,143,149)(H4,144,145,150)(H4,146,147,151);(H,6,7)/t86-,88+,89+,90+,91+,92+,93+,94+,95+,96+,97+,98+,99+,100+,101+,102+,103+,104+,105+,109+,110+,111+;/m1./s1
Sequence:{d-Ser}-Tyr-Ser-Met-Glu-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val-Gly-Lys-Lys-Arg-Arg-Pro-Val-Lys-Val-Tyr-Pro
Application:
(D-Ser1)-ACTH (1-24) is a synthetic analog of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) comprising the biologically active N-terminal region of ACTH with a D-serine substitution at position 1. This modification is commonly used to enhance peptide stability and alter receptor interaction profiles in experimental systems. ACTH-derived peptides primarily interact with melanocortin receptors, particularly MC2R, to regulate adrenal corticosteroid production and endocrine signaling pathways.
(D-Ser1)-ACTH (1-24) is widely used in studies of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis regulation, adrenal physiology, stress response, and melanocortin receptor signaling. It also serves as a valuable research tool for investigating peptide hormone structure–activity relationships and receptor-mediated endocrine mechanisms.
Current Research:
(D-Ser1)-ACTH (1-24) is a synthetic analog of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) containing the biologically active N-terminal sequence of ACTH with a D-serine substitution at position 1. This structural modification is commonly used to improve peptide stability and resistance to enzymatic degradation while preserving melanocortin receptor activity. As a result, the peptide has become a useful research tool for investigating endocrine signaling, melanocortin receptor pharmacology, and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis regulation.
Current research involving ACTH analogs such as (D-Ser1)-ACTH (1-24) is largely focused on understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying stress response, adrenal steroidogenesis, and receptor-mediated signaling pathways. ACTH peptides primarily activate the melanocortin 2 receptor (MC2R), a G protein-coupled receptor expressed in the adrenal cortex. Upon receptor activation, intracellular signaling pathways including cAMP/PKA signaling are stimulated, leading to glucocorticoid synthesis and secretion.
Recent studies in neuroendocrinology continue to emphasize the importance of ACTH signaling in regulation of the HPA axis, one of the body’s central stress-response systems. Dysregulation of this pathway is associated with disorders including depression, anxiety, chronic stress syndromes, and metabolic abnormalities. Mathematical and systems biology models of the HPA axis have highlighted the complexity of ACTH-mediated endocrine oscillations and feedback regulation.
In adrenal biology research, ACTH analogs are used to investigate steroid hormone biosynthesis and adrenal cortex function. Studies have shown that ACTH signaling regulates expression of steroidogenic enzymes and influences adrenal cell proliferation and differentiation. Modified ACTH peptides are particularly valuable for dissecting receptor-binding mechanisms and analyzing structure–activity relationships within melanocortin receptor systems.
Another active area of research involves the broader physiological effects of ACTH and melanocortin signaling beyond adrenal hormone production. Emerging evidence suggests ACTH-related pathways may influence bone metabolism, immune modulation, and inflammatory responses. Experimental findings indicate that ACTH signaling may contribute to osteoblast survival and bone homeostasis under certain physiological conditions.
Researchers are also exploring the therapeutic relevance of ACTH-derived peptides in inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Because melanocortin receptors are expressed in immune and peripheral tissues, ACTH analogs may modulate cytokine production and immune responses independently of corticosteroid release. This has increased interest in synthetic ACTH peptides as tools for studying neuroimmune communication and endocrine–immune system interactions.
In peptide engineering research, analogs such as (D-Ser1)-ACTH (1-24) are used to optimize receptor selectivity, peptide half-life, and signaling bias. Substitution with D-amino acids is a common strategy for improving metabolic stability and altering receptor interaction profiles. These modifications support development of more stable peptide ligands for receptor pharmacology studies and translational peptide therapeutics.
Current pharmacological studies also investigate melanocortin receptor subtype specificity. While ACTH primarily activates MC2R, related melanocortin receptors including MC1R, MC3R, MC4R, and MC5R are involved in pigmentation, energy balance, inflammation, and neuroendocrine regulation. Synthetic ACTH analogs therefore provide valuable experimental models for studying cross-reactivity and downstream signaling within the melanocortin receptor family.
Overall, (D-Ser1)-ACTH (1-24) remains an important research peptide for studies of endocrine physiology, stress biology, receptor pharmacology, and peptide engineering. Its enhanced stability and well-characterized biological activity make it a useful experimental tool for investigating HPA axis regulation, melanocortin receptor signaling, and steroidogenic mechanisms in both basic and translational research.
Reference:
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