Neuropeptide S (Rat)

Product Name:Neuropeptide S (Rat)

CAS No:412938-75-1

Purity:95%

Molar Mass:2210.52

Chemical Formula:C95H160N34O27

Storage:Store at -20 degrees Celsius

Sequence:SFRNGVGSGVKKTSFRRAKQ

Application:

Neuropeptide S (Rat) is a neuropeptide that binds to the Neuropeptide S receptor (NPSR) and is involved in modulating arousal, anxiety, and stress responses, similar to its role in other species. It promotes wakefulness and has anxiolytic (anxiety-reducing) effects. Neuropeptide S (Rat) is used in research to study its impact on behavior, particularly regarding sleep regulation, anxiety, and stress-related conditions in rodent models. Its ability to influence these processes makes it a valuable tool for exploring therapeutic approaches to anxiety disorders, sleep disorders, and neuropsychiatric conditions. The rat model is commonly used to study these physiological effects.

Current Research:

Neuropeptide S (NPS) is a 20-amino-acid peptide that functions as a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator in the central nervous system. In rats, NPS is primarily produced by neurons located between Barrington's nucleus and the locus coeruleus, with projections extending to various brain regions, including the amygdala.
Receptor Interaction
NPS exerts its effects by binding to the Neuropeptide S receptor (NPSR), a G protein-coupled receptor. This binding leads to intracellular calcium mobilization and activation of downstream signaling pathways. Rat NPS acts as a potent agonist for NPSR, with an EC?? of approximately 3 nM.
Physiological Functions
Activation of NPSR by NPS in rats has been shown to:
Promote Arousal and Wakefulness: NPS increases locomotor activity and induces wakefulness, suggesting a role in regulating sleep-wake cycles.
Reduce Anxiety-Like Behavior: Administration of NPS leads to anxiolytic-like effects, indicating its involvement in modulating anxiety responses.
Influence Memory and Addiction: NPS has been implicated in the modulation of memory consolidation and addictive behaviors, although these effects are subject to ongoing research.
Research Applications
Due to its significant impact on arousal, anxiety, and other behaviors, rat NPS is widely used in preclinical studies to:
Investigate Sleep Disorders: Explore potential therapeutic targets for conditions like insomnia and narcolepsy.
Develop Anxiolytic Agents: Aid in the creation of new treatments for anxiety disorders.
Study Addiction Mechanisms: Provide insights into the role of NPS in substance use disorders.
Conclusion
Rat Neuropeptide S is a critical modulator of various central nervous system functions, including arousal, anxiety, and potentially memory and addiction. Its interactions with NPSR make it a valuable target for research into therapeutic interventions for related disorders.

Reference:

Leonard, S. K., & Ring, R. H. (2011). Immunohistochemical localization of the neuropeptide S receptor in the rat central nervous system. Neuroscience, 172, 153-163.