AH1 Sequence (6-14) murine leukemia virus MuLV

Product Name: AH1 Sequence (6-14) murine leukemia virus MuLV

Sequence One Letter Code: SPSYVYHQF

Sequence Three Letter Code: H-Ser-Pro-Ser-Tyr-Val-Tyr-His-Gln-Phe-OH

Chemical Formula:C54H70N12O15

Molecular Weight: 1127.3

Purity: 95%

Form: Lyophilized

Storage Conditions: - 20 °C

Research Area: Cancer Disease Research

Source / Species: virus

Conjugation: Unconjugated

Code Nacres: NA.26

Application: The AH1 peptide (gp70 6–14) is an H2-Ld–restricted epitope derived from the gp70 envelope glycoprotein of endogenous murine leukemia virus. This peptide is highly expressed in CT26 colon carcinoma cells and several other murine tumor models, making it a widely used antigen in tumor immunology research. AH1 serves as a model epitope for studying antigen-specific CD8⁺ T-cell responses, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity, and immune surveillance mechanisms in cancer. It is commonly applied in studies of cancer immunotherapy, tumor vaccine development, and evaluation of antitumor immune responses. The peptide provides a reliable tool for investigating T-cell–mediated immunity and mechanisms of immune recognition in murine tumor systems.

Current Research: Understanding how the immune system recognizes and eliminates tumor cells is a central goal of cancer immunology. Experimental tumor models often rely on well-defined antigenic peptides to study antigen presentation, T-cell activation, and immune-mediated tumor clearance. The AH1 peptide (gp70 6–14) is one of the most widely used model tumor antigens in murine immunology. Derived from the gp70 envelope glycoprotein of endogenous murine leukemia virus (MuLV), this peptide is presented by H2-Ld MHC class I molecules and is recognized by antigen-specific CD8⁺ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Because the AH1 epitope is highly expressed in CT26 colon carcinoma cells and several other murine tumor models, it has become an important tool for studying tumor-specific immune responses, immune surveillance, and therapeutic strategies aimed at enhancing antitumor immunity. Origin of the AH1 Tumor Antigen The AH1 peptide originates from the gp70 envelope protein of endogenous murine leukemia virus, which is integrated into the mouse genome. In certain tumor cell lines, such as CT26 colon carcinoma, the gp70 gene is expressed and processed into peptide fragments that are presented on the cell surface by MHC class I molecules. The gp70 (6–14) peptide, commonly referred to as AH1, represents a dominant epitope that can be recognized by CD8⁺ T cells. Because tumor cells display this peptide in association with H2-Ld molecules, it becomes a target for cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–mediated immune responses. This antigen presentation process mimics natural tumor antigen recognition and provides a highly controlled system for investigating how immune cells detect and respond to cancer cells. Role in CD8⁺ T-Cell–Mediated Tumor Immunity CD8⁺ T cells are central to the immune system’s ability to eliminate infected or malignant cells. When an antigenic peptide such as AH1 is presented on MHC class I molecules, it can be recognized by T-cell receptors (TCRs) on cytotoxic T cells. Upon recognition of the peptide–MHC complex, activated CD8⁺ T cells initiate a series of events that lead to target cell destruction. These mechanisms include: Release of cytotoxic molecules such as perforin and granzymes Production of inflammatory cytokines including interferon-γ (IFN-γ) Induction of apoptotic pathways in tumor cells Because the AH1 peptide is strongly immunogenic in murine systems, it provides a reliable model for studying how cytotoxic T cells recognize tumor antigens and mediate tumor cell killing. The AH1 Epitope in the CT26 Tumor Model One of the most common experimental systems using the AH1 peptide involves the CT26 colon carcinoma model, a murine tumor cell line derived from BALB/c mice. CT26 cells express the gp70 antigen and present the AH1 epitope via H2-Ld molecules, making them highly suitable for investigating antigen-specific immune responses. In this model, researchers can evaluate how immune cells respond to tumors expressing a defined antigen. The AH1 peptide therefore serves as a standardized antigenic target for monitoring CD8⁺ T-cell activation, expansion, and tumor infiltration. This system is frequently used to study: Antigen-specific T-cell responses in tumor environments Mechanisms of tumor immune evasion Activation and expansion of cytotoxic T lymphocytes Immune checkpoint regulation in cancer Because of its reproducibility and well-characterized immunogenicity, the CT26/AH1 system has become a cornerstone model in experimental tumor immunology. Applications in Cancer Immunotherapy Research The AH1 peptide is widely applied in studies aimed at improving cancer immunotherapy strategies. By providing a defined antigen target, researchers can assess how therapeutic interventions influence antigen-specific immune responses. Common applications include: Tumor vaccine development using peptide-based immunization strategies Evaluation of immune checkpoint inhibitors that enhance T-cell activity Adoptive T-cell therapy studies involving antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells Assessment of dendritic cell–based vaccines designed to present tumor antigens Monitoring antitumor immune responses in preclinical models These approaches help researchers determine how immune-based therapies can enhance recognition and elimination of tumor cells. Investigating Tumor Immune Surveillance The concept of immune surveillance refers to the immune system’s ability to detect and eliminate transformed or malignant cells before tumors develop. The AH1 peptide has proven particularly valuable for studying this process in controlled experimental settings. By tracking AH1-specific CD8⁺ T cells, researchers can analyze how the immune system interacts with tumor cells over time. This allows investigation of key questions such as: How tumors evade immune detection How immune responses change during tumor progression How therapeutic interventions restore effective immune surveillance Insights from these studies contribute to a deeper understanding of tumor–immune system interactions and guide the development of improved immunotherapies. A Reliable Tool for Murine Tumor Immunology Because of its strong immunogenicity and defined MHC restriction, the AH1 peptide (gp70 6–14) has become one of the most widely used antigenic peptides in murine cancer research. Its consistent expression in CT26 and other tumor models provides researchers with a dependable system for studying antigen-specific immune responses. By enabling detailed analysis of CD8⁺ T-cell activation, cytotoxic responses, and tumor immune recognition, the AH1 peptide continues to play an important role in advancing cancer immunology research and developing new strategies for tumor immunotherapy and immune-based cancer treatments.