Allatostatin IV

Product Name:Allatostatin IV

Purity:95%

Storage:2-8 degree Celsius

Cas No:123338-13-6

Molar Mass:969.1

Chemical Formula:C45H68N12O12

IUPAC Name:(3S)-3-amino-4-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[2-[[(2S)-1-amino-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid

SMILES:CC(C)C[C@@H](C(=O)N)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC2=CC=C(C=C2)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)N

InChIKey:BYSKWCFHMJZUBY-POFDKVPJSA-N

InChI:InChI=1S/C45H68N12O12/c1-24(2)17-31(38(47)63)52-36(60)22-51-40(65)33(19-26-9-6-5-7-10-26)55-44(69)35(23-58)57-43(68)34(20-27-12-14-28(59)15-13-27)56-42(67)32(18-25(3)4)54-41(66)30(11-8-16-50-45(48)49)53-39(64)29(46)21-37(61)62/h5-7,9-10,12-15,24-25,29-35,58-59H,8,11,16-23,46H2,1-4H3,(H2,47,63)(H,51,65)(H,52,60)(H,53,64)(H,54,66)(H,55,69)(H,56,67)(H,57,68)(H,61,62)(H4,48,49,50)/t29-,30-,31-,32-,33-,34-,35-/m0/s1

Sequence:Asp-Arg-Leu-Tyr-Ser-Phe-Gly-Leu-NH2

Application:

Allatostatin IV is a neuropeptide hormone primarily found in insects, where it plays a crucial role in juvenile hormone (JH) regulation, feeding behavior, and metabolic control. It belongs to the allatostatin (AST) family, which inhibits the release of juvenile hormone from the corpora allata, affecting growth, reproduction, and development. Additionally, Allatostatin IV has been studied for its effects on digestive processes and muscle contractions in insects. Research on Allatostatin IV focuses on insect endocrinology, neuropeptide signaling, and pest control applications, making it a valuable tool in hormonal regulation studies and insect population management strategies.

Current Research:

Allatostatin IV is a key neuropeptide hormone that regulates juvenile hormone (JH) synthesis, feeding behavior, and muscle activity in insects. As part of the allatostatin family, it functions primarily by inhibiting the corpora allata, the gland responsible for JH production, thereby influencing growth, metamorphosis, and reproduction.

1. Role in Juvenile Hormone Regulation and Development
   Allatostatins, including Allatostatin IV, act as negative regulators of JH biosynthesis, leading to:

Inhibited larval development, affecting metamorphosis timing.
Reduced reproductive capacity, as JH is essential for ovarian development in many insects.
Altered molting cycles, impacting insect growth and survival rates.
Research suggests that manipulating Allatostatin IV levels can disrupt insect development, making it a potential target for biological pest control.

2. Impact on Feeding Behavior and Digestive Regulation
   Beyond its role in hormonal control, Allatostatin IV has been implicated in:

Inhibiting gut motility, affecting digestion and nutrient absorption.
Regulating foraging and feeding behavior, reducing food intake in certain insect species.
Interacting with insulin-like peptides, suggesting a link to metabolic control.
These findings highlight Allatostatin IV’s role in nutritional regulation and energy balance in insects.

3. Applications in Pest Control and Insect Population Management
   Given its ability to regulate growth and reproduction, Allatostatin IV is being explored as a biopesticide target.

Allatostatin analogs may be used to disrupt JH synthesis, preventing proper insect development.
Genetic modifications affecting allatostatin pathways could lead to sterility or developmental failure in pests.
This approach provides an eco-friendly alternative to chemical insecticides, focusing on hormonal disruption rather than direct toxicity.

4. Comparative Endocrinology and Evolutionary Research
   Allatostatins share similarities with somatostatin and galanin neuropeptides in vertebrates, leading to studies on:

Conserved neuropeptide functions across species.
Potential roles in metabolic and appetite regulation beyond insects.
Conclusion
Allatostatin IV is a crucial neuropeptide involved in juvenile hormone regulation, feeding behavior, and metabolic control in insects. Its potential applications in pest control, endocrinology, and metabolic research continue to drive scientific interest, offering novel strategies for insect population management and comparative neuropeptide studies.