Cortistatin 14

Product Name:Cortistatin 14

CAS No:193829-96-8

Purity:95%

Molar Mass:1721.03

Chemical Formula:C81H113N19O19S2

Storage:Store at -20 degrees Celsius

Sequence: PCKNFFWKTFSSCK

Application:

Cortistatin 14 is a neuropeptide consisting of 14 amino acids, derived from the larger cortistatin precursor protein. It is structurally similar to somatostatin and is involved in modulating various physiological processes, including sleep, cognition, and neuroendocrine functions. Cortistatin 14 acts on cortistatin receptors, influencing neurotransmitter release and neuronal excitability. It has been studied for its potential roles in regulating sleep-wake cycles, memory processes, and its impact on neurodegenerative diseases. Research into Cortistatin 14 contributes to understanding its therapeutic potential in neurological and psychiatric conditions.

Current Research:

Cortistatin-14 (CST-14) is a 14-amino-acid neuropeptide primarily expressed in the cortex and hippocampus, areas crucial for cognitive and emotional regulation. Structurally and functionally similar to somatostatin-14, CST-14 binds to all five somatostatin receptor subtypes (sst₁–sst₅) and additional receptors, such as the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1a) and Mas-related gene receptor MRGPRX2. These broad receptor interactions contribute to its diverse physiological effects.

Biological Roles and Mechanisms

CST-14 is co-expressed with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in cortical and hippocampal interneurons, modulating neuronal excitability and synaptic activity. Notably, it exerts neuronal depressant effects and promotes slow-wave sleep, highlighting its role in sleep regulation. Recent studies suggest that CST-14 reduces cortical activity, stabilizing sleep architecture and improving its restorative quality. These findings are particularly relevant for understanding sleep disorders and their underlying neurochemical mechanisms.

CST-14 has also been implicated in memory and learning. Experimental models demonstrate its capacity to impair memory retention, suggesting its involvement in cognitive regulation and hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Additionally, its inhibitory effects on cAMP production indicate a role in intracellular signaling modulation, influencing processes such as hormone secretion and neurotransmitter release.

Therapeutic Implications

Emerging research explores CST-14 as a potential therapeutic target for neurological and psychiatric disorders. Its ability to interact with somatostatin receptors and modulate neurochemical systems positions it as a candidate for addressing cognitive dysfunction, sleep disturbances, and neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, mediated via interactions with receptors like MRGPRX2, broaden its therapeutic potential in diseases with inflammatory components.

Conclusion

Cortistatin-14 is a neuropeptide with significant implications in sleep, cognitive processes, and neuroimmune modulation. Current research emphasizes its relevance in understanding complex neurochemical interactions, paving the way for therapeutic innovations targeting sleep disorders, cognitive decline, and inflammatory conditions. Its diverse receptor interactions continue to drive interest in its clinical applications.

Reference:

Benso, A., Gottero, C., Prodam, F., Gauna, C., Destefanis, S., Filtri, L., ... & Broglio, F. (2003). Effects of cortistatin-14 and somatostatin-14 on the endocrine response to hexarelin in humans. Journal of endocrinological investigation, 26, 599-603.